Abstract Rq V* O}Am
Rock mass is inhomogeneous in nature. Data for underground structure designs are mainly obtained from site investigations and yHY \4OHS
tests, but they are very limited. For this reason, uncertainty exists in the process of constructing underground structures in a rock |~ 'PEY
mass. In the design a tunnel support pattern, the most important parameters such as advance rate and excavation method must be ?pS,?>J f
determined optimally. However, it is difficult to determine these parameters quantitatively. In addition, if these parameters are deter- @+OX1-dd/w
mined incorrectly, unexpected risk occurs such as the decrease in the tunnel stability or economic loss due to excessive amount of 8reis1]2S
supports. D<-MbK^S
In this study, a methodology to determine an optimal support pattern and advance rate for the design of a tunnel is introduced KCE5Z?k
based on risk analysis. It can be confirmed quantitatively that the more the tunnel is supported, the higher the reliability index q2o`.f+I
becomes and the more stable the tunnel is predicted to be. Also an optimal support pattern and advance rate can be determined X,)`<
>=O
quantitatively by performing a risk analysis considering the construction cost and the cost of losses that can occur due to the col- vkFq/+'U
lapse of a tunnel. u@V|13p<
2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. oa4{s&d b-
Keywords: Risk analysis; Factor of safety; Monte Carlo simulation; T
