1. Define the lateral distribution and thickness of soil and rock strata within the zone of influence of the proposed construction.
2. Define groundwater conditions considering seasonal changes and the effects of construction or development extraction.
3. Identify geologic hazards, such as unstable slopes, faults, ground subsidence and collapse, floodplains, regional seismicity.
4. Procure samples of geologic materials for the identification, classification, and measurement of engineering properties.
5. Perform in situ testing to measure the engineering properties of the geologic materials
The general objective of an exploration program is to:
Three general methodology/categories subdivide exploration methodology:
1. Surface mapping of geologic conditions, which requires review of reports and publications, interpretation of topographic and geographic maps, remote-sensing imagery, and site reconnaissance
2. Subsurface sectioning, for which data are obtained by geophysical prospecting, test and core borings, and excavations and soundings
3. Sampling the geologic materials utilizing test and core borings and excavations
