In Europe and elsewhere the economically feasible water resources have been greatly developed until the 1970s. k>7bPR5Mw
Although large dams belong to the first structures, which have been designed systematically against earthquakes <XQwu*_\
since the 1930s, the seismic safety of these dams is unknown, as most of them have been designed using seismic H5 V>d
design criteria and methods of analysis that are considered obsolete today. The fact that no major dams have 53gLz_ee
failed during earthquakes and that few lives have been lost (except in the case of tailings dam failures) may give !Q*w]
the impression that well-designed dams are safe against earthquakes. We need to re-evaluate the seismic safety lcy<taNu)
of existing dams based on current state-of-the-art practice and rehabilitate existing dams if necessary. Z4rk$K'=1w
Additionally, there are a large number of smaller dams, especially earth structures, which were built for /sj*@HF=
irrigation or water supply by organisations or villagers with little experience in dam construction. Earthquake b*H*(}A6"'
effects on these dams have rarely been considered
