老外的定义: N>nvt.`P
Piles are structure members of timber,concrete ,and/or steel that are used to transmit surface <K=B(-~
u0oYb_Yv
loads to lower levels in the soil mass. This transfer may be by vetical distribution of the load y!6:
4{pemqS*
along the pile shaft or a direct application of load to a lower stratum through the pile point. A J"2ODB5"
l;Wy,?p
vetical distribution of the load is made using a friction(or floating)pile and a direct load 4(0t
GF
`2mbF^-4
application is made by a point ,or end-bearing ,pile. This distinction is purely one of kW2nrkF
ZV q
convenience since all piles carry load as a conbination of side resistence and point bearing a6k(O8Ank3
k'I_,Z<,
except when the pile penetrates an extremely soft soil to a solid base. UK<DcM~n
]-5jgz"
——Foundation Analysis and Design