英语语法轻松学(每日一个语法点)
今天学习复合句
复合句(complex sentence)由一个主句(principal clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(subordinate clause )构成。主句是全句主体,通常可以独立存在;从句时一个句子成分,不能独立存在。如:
She loved her dog as a mother loves her child. 她爱她的狗犹如母爱其子一样。(主句:She loved her dog;从句as a mother loves her child)
She told him that she didn’t know. 她对他说她不知道。 (主句:She told him;从句: that she didn’t know)
从句不单独成句,但也有主语部分和谓语部分,就像一个句子一样。不同处在于,从句须有一个关联词(connective)引导。
从属连词:如 if, because, although, as 等
疑问代词: who, which, whom, what, whose
疑问副词: when, where, how, why
关系代词: who, which, whom, whose, that
关系副词:when, where, why
缩合链接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whichever
缩合链接副词: when, where, why, whether, if
从句有六种:
主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句(由于在句中功用相当于名词, 又称为名词性从句。名词性从句所用关联词大抵相同,而且其前一般不用逗号)
同位语从句
定语从句
状语从句
内容摘自:《薄冰高级英语语法》
▲缩合连接代词
缩合连接代词(condensed conjunctive pronoun)就是指由先行词与关系代词缩合而成的代词,用于引导名词性从句。这种代词主要有what (=that which),whatever (=anything that),whoever (=any person who),whichever (=anyone who or which) 等。例句如:
What you say is true in a sense. 你的话在某种意义上属实。
Whatever I have is yours. 我的东西都是你的。
Whoever says that is a liar. 说那话的人是个骗子。
▲缩合连接副词
所谓缩合连接副词,就是指由先行词与关系副词缩合而成的副词,主要用于引导名词性从句,这类副词主要有有when (=the time when),where (=the place where),why (=the reason why)等。例句如:
This is where I was born. 这就是我出生的地方。
That’s why she didn’t want to come. 那就是她为什么不想来的原因。
I can’t remember when I saw him last. 我记不得上一次见到他是什么时候了。
连词是用来连接词与词、词组与词组或句子与句子、表示某种逻辑关系的虚词。连词可以表并列、转折、假设、选择、递进、条件、因果等关系。
https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%BF%9E%E8%AF%8D/505099?fr=ge_alahttps://www.cpsenglish.com/question/24062