1 Introduction 1 "7pd(p *C
2 Review of Literature 3 W=Ru?sG=
2.1 Introduction to tunnelling methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 NQ@."8
2.2 Prediction of settlements - semi-empirical methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 {uRnZ/m
2.3 Prediction of settlements - analytical methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 RvF6bIqo
2.3.1 Closed formsolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 zl j%v/9
2.3.2 Numerical methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 nx >PZb
2.4 Case studies of greenfield settlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 ^\uj&K6l
2.5 Prediction of damage to buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 +SSF=]4+
2.5.1 Early empirical methods and definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 <tbsQ3
2.5.2 Calculation of building strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 eJrJ5mlI`
2.5.3 Influence of surface structure on settlement profile . . . . . . . . . . 29 J!o[/`4ib
2.5.4 Numerical methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5/v@VUzH
2.5.5 Current damage assessment methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 )MZQ\8,)]
2.6 Case studies of building damage prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 .)>DFGb>H
3 Aims and Outline 43 #eT{?_wM
3.1 Conclusions fromliterature review and research opportunities . . . . . . . 43 1dF=BR8
3.2 Project aims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 &