1 Introduction 1 Q,R|VI6Co
2 Review of Literature 3 X'usd$[.
2.1 Introduction to tunnelling methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 NP$ D9#
2.2 Prediction of settlements - semi-empirical methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Q-||A
2.3 Prediction of settlements - analytical methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Ss'Dto35Q
2.3.1 Closed formsolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 9oVprd>%@
2.3.2 Numerical methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 7lG,.W|
2.4 Case studies of greenfield settlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Hx ojxZwm
2.5 Prediction of damage to buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 10m`LG
2.5.1 Early empirical methods and definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 &[$t%:`
2.5.2 Calculation of building strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 [B%:!Q)@
2.5.3 Influence of surface structure on settlement profile . . . . . . . . . . 29 ^aY,Wq
2.5.4 Numerical methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 -9$.&D|
2.5.5 Current damage assessment methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 pwo @
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2.6 Case studies of building damage prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 T_<:
3 Aims and Outline 43 M>@PRb:Oc
3.1 Conclusions fromliterature review and research opportunities . . . . . . . 43 x^y&<tA
3.2 Project aims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 >S:+&VN`M
3.3 Project outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 K]ds2Kp&
4 Building Facade Analysis - Elastic 47 C40W@*6S2
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4