People are not so honest as they once were. The temptation to steal is greater than ever before----especially in large shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, So it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took the shop assistant was her daughter. The girl ‘gave’ her mother a tree dress once a week!
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1. 主句主干:
The temptation to steal is greater than ever before
The temptation to steal:主语
The temptation:中心名词,作主语核 心
to steal:不定式作后置定语,修饰 temptation,说明“哪种诱惑”——即“偷窃的诱惑”
注意:这不是固定搭配,而是由名词 + 不定式构成的常见短语结构
is:系动词(be 动词,连接主语与表语)
greater than ever before:表语部分,形容词比较级结构
greater:形容词比较级,作表语,说明主语的状态
than ever before:比较状语从句的简化形式
than:连词,引导比较状语
ever before:副词短语,意为“以往任何时候”,整体相当于一个时间状语,与 greater 构成比较
✅ “ever before” 是常见表达,意为“比以往任何时候”,在比较级中广泛使用
2. 插入性副词短语(补充说明):
especially in large shops
especially:副词,作评注性状语,表示“尤其、特别”,用于强调后文内容
in large shops:介词短语,作地点状语,修饰整个主句,说明“在哪些地方诱惑更大”
可理解为:偷窃的诱惑总体更大了,尤其是在大商店里。
整句翻译:
“偷窃的诱惑比以往任何时候都更强烈——尤其是在大型商店中。”
语法重点总结:
主语结构:“名词 + 不定式”作后置定语,是学术和正式文体中的常见结构
比较级表达:“greater than ever before” 是标准的比较级用法,其中 ever before 加强时间对比
插入语功能:“especially in large shops” 并不改变句子主干,但增强了语义层次,体现作者观点聚焦
美[tempˈteɪʃn]temptation的词根是 tempt,源自拉丁语 temptare,意为“尝试、触摸、试探”。该词根的核 心含义是“尝试”,通过古法语 tempter 进入英语,衍生出与“试探”“引诱”相关的词汇。
从词源演变来看,“tempt”最初表示“测试”或“试探”,后来引申为“引诱做违背意愿的事”或“引发兴趣与欲望”。在现代英语中,这一词根通过不同前缀和后缀扩展出多个相关词汇:
honest的词根源自拉丁语 honestus,意为“可敬的、值得尊敬的、体面的”,而 honestus 又由拉丁语词根 honos(意为“荣誉、尊重”,同源词为 honor)与形容词后缀 -tus 构成。因此,honest 的核 心语义与“荣誉”和“道德上的正当性”密切相关,最初在古法语中演变为 honeste,表示“有德行的、值得尊敬的”,约14世纪进入英语后,逐渐发展出“诚实的、正直的、不欺骗的”等现代常用含义。